Peat constitutes an important part of Estonia's and Latvia's exports. This raw material is particularly valued in Northern and Western European countries, where it is used in intensive horticulture and agriculture. Peat extraction has created thousands of jobs and contributed to regional development, especially in rural areas.

The main export destinations are Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and the United Kingdom. These countries have a high demand for quality peat that ensures optimal plant growth. Estonian and Latvian companies successfully compete with other peat producers like Finland, Ireland, and Canada by offering competitive prices and high-quality products.

However, peat extraction and use are associated with significant environmental impacts. Peat bogs are important carbon sinks, and their disturbance releases a large amount of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Additionally, it affects biodiversity and water regimes. Therefore, both Estonia and Latvia have begun to pay more attention to sustainable peat production by implementing more environmentally friendly methods and restoring mined areas.

The European Union's climate policy and stricter environmental requirements directly affect the peat industry. It is expected that demand for peat may decrease as alternatives for soil improvement, such as coconut fiber or compost, are sought. This forces Estonian and Latvian companies to invest in innovation and seek new ways to maintain competitiveness.

Estonia's and Latvia's peat export faces both challenges and opportunities. Although peat will remain an important export commodity in the coming years, environmental issues and changing market conditions have highlighted the need to adapt. The key to success lies in sustainability, innovation, and the ability to respond to global trends while ensuring economic vitality and environmental well-being.